Differences of Energy Spectrum CT Findings between Small Cell Lung Cancer with Mediastinal Lymph Node Metastasis and Mediastinal Sarcoidosis / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To compare the differences of energy spectrum CT between small cell lung cancer(SCLC)with mediastinal lymph node metastasis and mediastinal sarcoidosis.Methods Twenty-five SCLC patients with mediastinal lymph node metastasis(SCLC group)and 26 patients with mediastinal sarcoidosis(sarcoidosis group)confirmed by bronchoscopy and biopsy in Tangshan People's Hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the research objects.The CT value,iodine concentration,water concentration and energy spectrum curve slope under different single energy levels were compared between SCLC group and sarcoidosis group.Results The single-energy CT values of 40-80 keV segments in the arterial phase of the SCLC group were significantly higher than those in the sarcoidosis group(all P 0.05).The single-energy CT values of 40-90 keV segments in venous phase of the SCLC group were significantly higher than those of the sarcoidosis group(all P 0.05).The concentrations of iodine in the arterial phase and venous phase of the SCLC group were(11.56±4.06)μg/cm

Correlation between Coronary Artery Tortuosity and Stenosis in Patients with Myocardial Bridge / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To analyze the correlation between tortuosity and stenosis in patients with myocardial bridge(MB)on the left anterior descending artery(LAD). Methods Data of patients with MB on the LAD,which was discovered by coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA),in the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology from October 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Among them 278 patients with tortuosity on LAD and 278 patients without tortuosity were selected.The clinical charateristics(age,gender,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,smoking history,and family history)as well as the incidence and severity of stenosis of LAD were recorded and compared. Results The incidence of coronary artery stenosis in the non-tortuosity group(57.6%)was significantly lower than that in the tortuosity group(71.9%)($\bar{χ}$=12.608,

Different Energy Spectrum CT Findings between Anterior Mediastinal Lymphoma and Thymic Carcinoma / 中国医学科学院学报

To investigate the differences in energy spectrum CT findings between anterior mediastinal lymphoma and thymic carcinoma. Twenty-two cases of anterior mediastinal lymphoma and 28 cases of thymic carcinoma confirmed by biopsy in Tangshan People's Hospital were selected.The CT values and changes of iodine content and water content in lesion sites were measured by energy spectrum analysis software.The differences between anterior mediastinal lymphoma and thymic carcinoma were compared. The single-energy CT value of 40-80 keV in thymus carcinoma was higher than that in anterior mediastinal lymphoma(=0.001,=0.037,=0.042,=0.034,=0.002;=0.016,=0.013,=0.018,=0.024,=0.012).The difference in the single-energy CT value of 90-110 keV between anterior mediastinal lymphoma and thymic carcinoma showed no statistical significance(all >0.05).The concentrations of water in the arterial and venous stages of thymic carcinoma were significantly lower than those in the anterior mediastinal lymphoma(=0.030,=0.037),whereas the iodine concentrations were significantly higher(=0.026,=0.000). Anterior mediastinal lymphoma and thymic carcinoma have remarkably different 40-80 keV single energy CT value and iodine concentration in arterial and venous phases,which may be helpful for the differential diagnosis of these two malignancies.

Correlation of Coronary Artery Tortuosity Caused by Myocardial Bridge with Coronary Atherosclerosis / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the potential correlation between coronary artery tortuosity caused by myocardial bridge and coronary atherosclerosis. Methods The data of 88 patients with suspected coronary heart disease in the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology during the period from March 2015 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Coronary artery tortuosity caused by myocardial bridge was diagnozed by computed tomography coronary angiography.Meanwhile,the contemporary data of patients diagnosed with coronary artery tortuosity without myocardial bridge were selected as the control group.The coronary atherosclerosis as well as coronary artery stenosis were observed,and clinical data including age,gender,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,smoking history,family history,and body mass index(BMI) were collected and compared.The incidence of coronary atherosclerosis in terms of whole coronary artery,anterior segment of tortuosity,tortuosity segment,and posterior segment of tortuosity was compared firstly,followed by the comparisons of the differences in coronary artery stenosis degree in terms of anterior segment of tortuosity,tortuosity segment,and posterior segment of tortuosity.Finally,the differences of the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis in the complete MB group,incomplete MB group,and non-MB group with different degrees of tortuosity were compared.Results The incidences of coronary atherosclerosis on whole coronary artery(χ=15.565,P=0.000),anterior segment of tortuosity(χ=8.606,P=0.003),tortuosity segment(χ=13.475,P=0.000) and posterior segment of tortuosity(χ=4.314,P=0.038) in the MB group were significantly lower than those in the non-MB group.The incidences of mild stenosis in anterior segment of tortuosity(χ=6.988,P=0.008),tortuosity segment(χ=10.050,P=0.002),and posterior segment of tortuosity(χ=4.314,P=0.038) in the MB group were significantly lower than those in the non-MB group.However,the incidences of moderate and severe stenosis on anterior segment of tortuosity(χ=0.586,P=0.444),tortuosity segment(χ=1.356,P=0.244),and posterior segment of tortuosity were not significantly different between these two groups.The incidence of coronary atherosclerosis on anterior segment of tortuosity of mild(χ=13.526,P=0.000) and moderate tortuosity(Fisher exact probability,P=0.015) in the complete MB group was significantly lower than that in the non-MB group;however,the severe tortuosity was not significantly different(Fisher exact probability,P=0.155).The incidence of coronary atherosclerosis on anterior segment of tortuosity of mild tortuosity(χ=9.167,P=0.002) in the incomplete MB group was significantly lower than that in the non-MB group;however,no significant difference of moderate(Fisher exact probability,P=0.047) and severe tortuosity(Fisher exact probability,P=0.031) was identified between these two groups(P>0.0167).Finally,no significant difference of the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis on anterior segment of tortuosity of mild(χ=1.239,P=0.266),moderate(Fisher exact probability,P=1.000),and severe tortuosity(Fisher exact probability,P=1.000) was identified between the complete MB group and the incomplete MB group.Conclusions Compared with non-MB patients,patients with coronary artery tortuosity caused by MB(especially complete MB) tend to have lower incidences of coronary atherosclerosis and mild coronary stenosis.However,coronary artery tortuosity caused by MB is not correlated with moderate or severe coronary stenosis.

Impact of Myocardial Bridge-mural Coronary Artery on Myocardial Functions / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To study the impact of myocardial bridge (MB)-mural coronary artery (MCA) on myocardial functions.Methods Totally 82 patients presenting with chest tightness and chest pain who were diagnosed with the MB in the left anterior descending artery by CT coronary angiography were enrolled as the MB group,in which the thickness and length of MB and the systolic stenosis degree of MCA were measured.In addition,82 healthy subjects,as confirmed by health check-up,were set as the control group.The age,gender,body mass index (BMI),heart rate (HR),smoking history,interventricular septal thickness,left ventricular posterior wall thickness,diameter of left atrium,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,left ventricular end-systolic diameter,left ventricular ejection fraction,and the cases of E'/A'<1 were compared between MB group and control group.The potential correlations among the thicken/length of MB,the systolic stenosis degree of MCA and early diastolic peak strain rate(SRe)/late diastolic peak strain rate(SRa) were analyzed.Results The age (t=0.97,P=0.65),gender (χ=0.10,P=0.75),BMI (t=1.82,P=0.07),HR (t=0.87,P=0.39) and smoking history (χ=0.43,P=0.51) were not significantly difference between these two group.The interventricular septal thickness (t=1.54,P=0.13),left ventricular posterior wall thickness (t=1.47,P=0.14),diameter of left atrium (t=1.62,P=0.11),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (t=0.49,P=0.63),left ventricular end-systolic diameter (t=1.29,P=0.20),and left ventricular ejection fraction (t=0.56,P=0.57) were also not significantly different between the normal and MB group.However,there was significant difference in the cases of E'/A'<1 (χ=38.22,P=0.00).The SRe (r=-0.97,P=0.00;r=-0.93,P=0.00)and SRa (r=-0.89,P=0.00;r=-0.90,P=0.00) the left ventricular anterior wall were negatively correlated with the thickness of MB and the systolic stenosis degree of MCA and were not correlated with the length of MB (r=-0.09,P=0.76;r=-0.13,P=0.66).Conclusions MB is not correlated with myocardial systolic function,but can affect myocardial diastolic function.When the MB thickness increases,the systolic stenosis degree of MCA increases,the myocardial diastolic function gradually decreases,but the MB length is not related to myocardial systolic function.

Impact of Myocardial Bridge-mural Coronary Artery on Myocardial Blood Supply / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the impact of myocardial bridge-mural coronary artery (MB-MCA) on myocardial blood supply. Methods The imaging data of 74 patients with the isolate MB in the left anterior descending artery undergoing 256-slice CT coronary angiography and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) were retrospectively analyzed. The subjects were divided into incomplete and complete MB types. The length of MB and the systolic stenosis degree of MCA were measured.The type and length of MB and the systolic stenosis degree of MCA (according to Noble grade) were compared between the normal and abnormal MPI groups. The clinical characteristics including age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and smoking history were also reviewed. Results There were 38 incomplete MB cases and 13 complete MB cases in the normal MPI group,and 5 and 18 in the abnormal MPI group (χ=18.134,P=0.000). The MB length in the normal and abnormal MPI group were (14.7±3.7) mm and (15.5±4.5) mm (t=0.804,P=0.424). However, the systolic stenosis degree of MCA showed significant difference (χ=17.839,P=0.000). The clinical characteristics were not significantly differentt between the normal and abnormal MPI groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The MB type and the systolic stenosis degree of MCA can affect myocardial perfusion.Patients with complete MB and the moderate-to-severe systolic stenosis degree of MCA are more susceptible to myocardial ischemia. However, the MB length is not correlated with myocardial ischemia.